Title and Copyright Pages
 
About This Manual
Audience
Organization
Related Documents
 
1    Conformance Statement
1.3    Conformance
1.3.1    Implementation Conformance
1.3.1.2    Documentation
1.3.3.2    Standard Language-Dependent System Support
 
2    Terminology and General Requirements
2.2    Definitions
2.2.2    General Terms
2.2.2.4    Appropriate Privileges
2.2.2.13    Character Special File
2.2.2.35    File
2.2.2.71    Parent Process ID
2.2.2.73    Pathname
2.2.2.89    Process Lifetime
2.2.2.91    Read-only File System
2.2.2.105    Scheduling policy
2.2.2.116    Supplementary Group ID
2.2.2.126    System Reboot
2.3    General Concepts
2.3.5    File Times Update
2.4    Error Numbers
2.5    Primitive System Data Types
2.6    Environment Description
2.7    C Language Definitions
2.7.2    POSIX.1 Symbols
2.8    Numerical Limits
2.8.3    Run-Time Increasable Values
2.8.4    Run-Time Invariant Values (Possibly Indeterminate)
2.8.5    Pathname Variable Values
2.9    Symbolic Constants
2.9.3    Compile-Time Symbolic Constants for Portability Specifications
2.9.4    Execution-Time Symbolic Constants for Portability Specifications
 
3    Process Primitives
3.1    Process Creation and Execution
3.1.1    Process Creation
3.1.1.2    Description
3.1.1.4    Errors
3.1.2    Execute a File
3.1.2.2    Description
3.1.2.4    Errors
3.2    Process Termination
3.2.1    Wait for Process Termination
3.2.1.2    Description
3.2.2    Terminate a Process
3.2.2.2    Description
3.3    Signals
3.3.1    Signal Concepts
3.3.1.1    Signal Names
3.3.1.2    Signal Generation and Delivery
3.3.1.3    Signal Actions
3.3.2    Send a Signal to a Process
3.3.2.2    Description
3.3.3    Manipulate Signal Sets
3.3.3.4    Errors
3.3.4    Examine and Change Signal Action
3.3.4.2    Description
3.3.5    Examine and Change Blocked Signals
3.3.5.2    Description
3.4    Timer Operations
3.4.3    Delay Process Execution
3.4.3.2    Description
 
4    Process Environment
4.2    User Identification
4.2.3    Get Supplementary Group IDs
4.2.3.2    Description
4.2.3.4    Errors
4.2.4    Get User Name
4.2.4.3    Returns
4.2.4.4    Errors
4.4    System Identification
4.4.1    Get System Name
4.4.1.2    Description
4.4.1.4    Errors
4.5    Time
4.5.2    Process Times
4.5.2.3    Returns
4.6    Environment Variables
4.6.1    Environment Access
4.6.1.3    Returns
4.7    Terminal Identification
4.7.1    General Terminal Pathname
4.7.1.3    Returns
4.7.2    Determine Terminal Device Name
4.7.2.2    Description
4.7.2.4    Errors
4.8    Configurable System Variables
4.8.1    Get Configurable System Variables
4.8.1.2    Description
 
5    Files and Directories
5.1    Directories
5.1.1    Format of Files and Directories
5.1.2    Directory Operations
5.1.2.2    Description
5.1.2.4    Errors
5.2    Working Directory
5.2.2    Working Directory Pathname
5.2.2.2    Description
5.2.2.3    Returns
5.2.2.4    Errors
5.3    General File Creation
5.3.1    Open a File
5.3.1.2    Description
5.3.3    Set File Creation Mask
5.3.3.2    Description
5.3.3.3    Returns
5.3.4    Link to a File
5.3.4.2    Description
5.4    Special File Creation
5.4.1    Make a Directory
5.4.1.2    Description
5.4.2    Make a FIFO Special File
5.4.2.2    Description
5.5    File Removal
5.5.2    Remove a Directory
5.5.2.2    Description
5.5.2.4    Errors
5.5.3    Rename a File
5.5.3.2    Description
5.6    File Characteristics
5.6.1    File Characteristics: Header and Data Structure
5.6.1.2    <sys/stat.h> File Modes
5.6.2    Get File Status
5.6.3    File Accessibility
5.6.3.2    Description
5.6.3.4    Errors
5.6.4    Change File Modes
5.6.4.2    Description
5.6.5    Change Owner and Group of a File
5.6.5.2    Description
5.6.5.4    Errors
5.6.6    Set File Access and Modification Times
5.6.6.2    Description
5.7    Configurable Pathname Variables
5.7.1    Get Configurable Pathname Variables
5.7.1.2    Description
5.7.1.4    Errors
 
6    Input and Output Primitives
6.3    File Descriptor Deassignment
6.3.1    Close a File
6.3.1.2    Description
6.4    Input and Output
6.4.1    Read from a File
6.4.1.2    Description
6.4.1.4    Errors
6.4.2    Write to a File
6.4.2.2    Description
6.4.2.4    Errors
6.5    Control Operations on Files
6.5.2    File Control
6.5.2.2    Description
6.5.2.4    Errors
6.5.3    Reposition Read/Write File Offset
6.5.3.2    Description
6.6    File Synchronization
6.6.1    Synchronize the State of a File
6.6.1.2    Description
6.7    Asynchronous Input and Output
6.7.1    Data Definitions for Asynchronous Input and Output
6.7.1.1    Asynchronous I/O Control Block
6.7.7    Cancel Asynchronous I/O Request
6.7.7.2    Description
 
7    Device-and Class-Specific Functions
7.1    General Terminal Interface
7.1.1    Interface Characteristics
7.1.1.2    Terminal Access Control
7.1.1.3    The Controlling Terminal
7.1.1.5    Input Processing and Reading Data
7.1.1.6    Canonical Mode Input Processing
7.1.1.7    Non-Canonical Mode Input Processing
7.1.1.8    Writing Data and Output Processing
7.1.1.9    Special Characters
7.1.1.10    Modem Disconnect
7.1.2    Settable Parameters
7.1.2.1    The termios Structure
7.1.2.2    Input Modes
7.1.2.3    Output Modes
7.1.2.4    Control Modes
7.1.2.5    Local Modes
7.1.2.6    Special Control Characters
7.1.3    Baud Rates
7.2    General Terminal Interface Control Functions
7.2.1    Get and Set State
7.2.1.2    Description
7.2.2    Line Control Functions
7.2.2.2    Descriptions
 
8    Language-Specific Services for the C Programming Language
8.1    Referenced C Language Routines
8.1.1    Extensions to Time Functions .NX r time
8.1.2    Extensions to setlocale() Function
8.1.2.2    Description
8.2    FILE-Type C Language Functions
8.2.1    Map a Stream Pointer to a File Descriptor
8.2.2    Open a Stream on a File Descriptor
8.2.2.2    Description
8.2.2.4    Errors
8.2.3    Interactions of Other FILE-Type C Functions
8.3    Other C Language Functions
8.3.2    Set Time Zone
8.3.2.2    Description
 
9    System Databases
9.1    System Databases
9.2    Database Access
9.2.1    Group Database Access
9.2.1.3    Returns
9.2.2    User Database Access
9.2.2.3    Returns
 
10    Data Interchange Format
10.1    Archive/Interchange Format
10.1.1    Extended tar Format
10.1.2    Extended cpio Format
10.1.2.1    Header
10.1.2.2    File Name
10.1.2.4    Special Entries
10.1.2.5    cpio Values
10.1.3    Multiple Volumes
 
11    Synchronization
11.2    Semaphore Functions
11.2.3    Initialize/Open a Named Semaphore
11.2.3.2    Description
 
12    Memory Management
12.1    Memory Locking Functions
12.1.1    Lock/Unlock a Process's Address Space
12.1.1.2    Description
12.1.1.3    Returns
12.1.2    Lock/Unlock a Range of Process Address Space
12.1.2.2    Description
12.2    Memory Mapping Functions
12.2.1    Map Process Addresses to a Memory Object
12.2.1.2    Description
12.3    Shared Memory Functions
12.3.1    Open a Shared Memory Object
12.3.1.2    Description
 
13    Execution Scheduling
13.2    Scheduling Policies
13.2.3    SCHED_OTHER
13.3    Process Scheduling Functions
13.3.1    Set Scheduling Parameters
13.3.1.2    Description
13.3.3    Set Scheduling Policy and Scheduling Parameters
13.3.3.2    Description
 
14    Clocks and Timers
14.2    Clock and Timer Functions
14.2.1    Clocks
14.2.1.2    Description
14.2.2    Create a Per-Process Timer
14.2.2.2    Description
14.2.4    Per-Process Timers
14.2.4.2    Description
 
15    Message Passing
15.1    Data Definitions for Message Queues
15.1.1    Data Structures
15.2    Message Passing Functions
15.2.1    Open a Message Queue
15.2.1.2    Description
 
Tables
2-1    Additional Error Numbers
2-2    Primitive System Data Types
2-3    Run-Time Increasable Values
2-4    Symbolic Constants
3-1    Child Process Inherited Characteristics
3-2    Process Image Inherited Characteristics
3-3    Additional Signals
4-1    Structure Members for uname() .NX r uname function structure members for .S 9
4-2    Configurable System Variables
7-1    Additional Single-byte Functions
7-2    Special Control Characters
8-1    setlocale()Function Defaults
9-1    Additional group Database Fields
9-2    Additional user Database Fields
 
Index